compareVirtual

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Voici un tableau qui synthétise les différentes solutions de virtualisation:

Nom

Chroot

CKRM

Ensim

Vserver

Virtual PC

Guest PC

Virtuozzo

VMWARE WST

WMWARE ESX

WMWARE GSX

Hypervisor

UML

Zone Solaris

XEN 2.0

XEN 3.0

XEN 4.0

Editeur

Com.

Com.

E

Com.

VP

GPC

V

VW

VE

VG

H

U

Z

Com.

Com.

Com.

Licence

GPL

C

E

V

VP

GPC

V

VW

VE

VG

H

U

Z

GPL

GPL

GPL

RAM

C

C

E

V

VP

GPC

V

VW

VE

VG

H

U

Z

X2

X3

X4

CPU

C

C

E

V

VP

GPC

V

VW

VE

VG

X86 et PPC

U

Z

x86

x86

x86

64bits

C

C

E

V

VP

GPC

Oui

VW

Oui

Oui

H

U

Z

Non

Oui

Oui

Multi-Coeurs

C

C

E

V

VP

GPC

V

VW

VE

VG

H

U

Z

Non

X3

X4

OS dédié

Non

C

E

V

Non

GPC

V

Non

Oui

Oui

H

U

Z

Oui

X3

X4

Champ6

C

C

E

V

VP

GPC

V

VW

VE

VG

H

U

Z

X2

X3

X4

Champ7

C

C

E

V

VP

GPC

V

VW

VE

VG

H

U

Z

X2

X3

X4

Com. : communauté du logiciel libre

Liens vers autres comparatifs intéressants :

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_virtual_machines (en)
• http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtualisation_%28informatique%29 (fr)

Emulation

QEMU

QEMU is a generic and open source processor emulator which achieves a good emulation speed by using dynamic translation.
QEMU has two operating modes:

• Full system emulation. In this mode, QEMU emulates a full system (for example a PC), including a processor and various peripherials. It can be used to launch different Operating Systems without rebooting the PC or to debug system code.
• User mode emulation (Linux host only). In this mode, QEMU can launch Linux processes compiled for one CPU on another CPU.

Lien vers QEMU
Lien vers KQEMU

PearPC

PearPC is an architecture-independent PowerPC platform emulator capable of running most PowerPC operating systems.
PearPC emulates the following hardware:

• CPU GENERIC: Sort of G3, no altivec yet. A portable (but unported :-) CPU. Using this CPU, the client will run about 500 times slower than the host. It features a modest command-line debugger.
• CPU JITC-X86: Sort of G3, no altivec yet. A very fast CPU for x86 systems that translates PowerPC instructions into x86 instructions on-demand. By caching these translations, a lot of speed is gained. Using this CPU, the client will run about 15 times slower than the host. Only works on x86 hosts.
• PCI-Brige: A barebone PCI-Bridge, enough to work with.
• IDE-Controller: Sort of CMD646 with bus-mastering support. You can attach IDE-harddisk(s) and/or IDE-CDROM(s) by specifying files (or devices for UN*X) from your host machine.
• PIC: A programmable interrupt controller (kind of Heathrow).
• VIA-Cuda: With attached Mouse and Keyboard.
• Network Controller: Emulates a 3COM 3C90x or RealTek? 8139 via hosts that support an ethernet tunnel.
• NVRAM: Capable of storing 8KiB non-volatile memory.
• USB: A placebo USB-hub. Sufficient to make the client think that it has USB support.
• PROM: Sort of OpenFirmware?. It's ugly and contains a lot of hacks but it allows to boot Yaboot and BootX from HFS/HFS+ partitions.

Lien vers le site officiel PearPC
Lien vers la communauté PearPC

Bochs

Licence libre
Bochs is a highly portable open source IA-32 (x86) PC emulator written in C++, that runs on most popular platforms. It includes emulation of the Intel x86 CPU, common I/O devices, and a custom BIOS. Currently, Bochs can be compiled to emulate a 386, 486, Pentium, Pentium Pro or AMD64 CPU, including optional MMX, SSE, SSE2 and 3DNow instructions.
Lien vers le site

Plex86

Licence libre
Plex86 is THE opensource free-software alternative for VMWare, VirtualPC, and other IA-32 on IA-32 "Virtual PC products.
Lien vers le site Savannah
Lien vers le site SF

Simple virtualisation

CKRM

Licence libre
The Class-based Kernel Resource Management (CKRM) project seeks to develop Linux kernel mechanisms providing differentiated service to resources such as CPU time, memory pages, I/O and incoming network bandwith based on user defined groups of tasks called classes. Changes to the primary resource schedulers such as O(1) (Cpu), deadline/CFQ (I/O) , VM page manager (memory) and inbound network connection managers will be explored and developed.
Lien vers le site

Ensim

Licence propriétaire
Lien vers le site

Vserver

Licence libre
Lien vers le site

Virtualisation complète

VMWARE

Licence propriétaire
VMware is enterprise-class virtual infrastructure software for x86-based servers. It is ideal for server consolidation, disaster recovery and streamlining software development processes. Support for all x86-based platforms makes
Lien vers l'éditeur

VirtualPC

Licence propriétaire
Virtual PC is a powerful software virtualization solution that allows you to run multiple PC-based operating systems simultaneously on one workstation, providing a safety net to maintain compatibility with legacy applications while you migrate to a new operating system.
Lien vers l'éditeur

Guest PC

Licence propriétaire
Guest PC is another computer inside your Mac. That computer is an emulated x86 PC.
It is virtual, it has no separate monitor, mouse, keyboard or hard drive. It is just a Mac OS X program that allows you to install the Microsoft Windows operating system on your Mac and use the software developed only for Windows compatible computers.
Guest PC works just like a usual application and you can easily switch between Windows and Mac OS X desktops at will.
Lien vers l'éditeur

Virtuozzo

Licence propriétaire
Virtuozzo creates multiple isolated Virtual Private Servers (VPSs) on a single physical server to share hardware, licenses and management effort with maximum efficiency. Each VPS performs and executes exactly like a stand-alone server for its users and applications as it can be rebooted independently and has its own root access, users, IP addresses, memory, processes, files, applications, system libraries and configuration files. Light overhead and efficient design of Virtuozzo makes it the right virtualization choice for production servers with live applications and real-life data.
Lien vers l'éditeur

Para-Virtualisation?

Hypervisor

Licence ?
The Research Hypervisor from IBM research has been developed over the last 3 years to validate virtualization features in new hardware architectures and to study fundamental research issues in virtualization. For example, the Research Hypervisor has been used:

• to validate features developed for new processors like the Cell.
• to study future architecture ideas and functions for the high performance computing community within the PERCS project for DARPA.
• to study security in the context of virtualization within the sHype project.

The Research Hypervisor was designed from the start to be multi-platform, and today supports both the Power and x86 architectures. On Power, it conforms to the interfaces used by Linux running on IBM's commercial POWER Hypervisor in the new POWER5-based servers, and hence runs unmodified Linux distributions. On Intel we support a modified Linux kernel and demonstrate the multi-platform characteristics of the POWER Hypervisor interfaces.
Lien vers l'éditeur

UML

Licence libre
User-Mode? Linux is a safe, secure way of running Linux versions and Linux processes. Run buggy software, experiment with new Linux kernels or distributions, and poke around in the internals of Linux, all without risking your main Linux setup.
User-Mode? Linux gives you a virtual machine that may have more hardware and software virtual resources than your actual, physical computer. Disk storage for the virtual machine is entirely contained inside a single file on your physical machine. You can assign your virtual machine only the hardware access you want it to have. With properly limited access, nothing you do on the virtual machine can change or damage your real computer, or its software.
Lien vers l'éditeur

Xen

Licence libre
Xen is a virtual machine monitor for x86 that supports execution of multiple guest operating systems with unprecedented levels of performance and resource isolation. Xen is Open Source software, released under the terms of the GNU General Public License. We have a fully functional ports of Linux 2.4 and 2.6 running over Xen, and regularly use it for running demanding applications like MySQL, Apache and PostgreSQL. Any Linux distribution (RedHat, SuSE, Debian, Mandrake) should run unmodified over the ported OS.
Lien vers l'éditeur

Zone Solaris

The Solaris Zones partitioning technology is used to virtualize operating system services and provide an isolated and secure environment for running applications. A zone is a virtualized operating system environment created within a single instance of the Solaris Operating System. When you create a zone, you produce an application execution environment in which processes are isolated from the rest of the system. This isolation prevents processes that are running in one zone from monitoring or affecting processes that are running in other zones. Even a process running with superuser credentials cannot view or affect activity in other zones.
A zone also provides an abstract layer that separates applications from the physical attributes of the machine on which they are deployed. Examples of these attributes include physical device paths.
Zones can be used on any machine that is running the Solaris 10 release. The upper limit for the number of zones on a system is 8192. The number of zones that can be effectively hosted on a single system is determined by the total resource requirements of the application software running in all of the zones.
Lien vers l'éditeur